I. Ibibazo byo gukoresha ESR yo hasi cyane (≤3mΩ) muri AI Server VRMs
Ikibazo nyamukuru cya 1: Ingufu zacu za CPU zifite igisubizo kibi cyane cy’igihe gito; ibipimo bigaragaza igabanuka rikomeye rya voltage. Ese VRM ESR ya capacitor isohoka iri hejuru cyane? Ese hari capacitors zifite ESR iri munsi ya milimetero 4 zisabwa?
Ikibazo cya 1:
Ikibazo: Mu gihe cyo gukemura ikibazo cya VRM y'amashanyarazi ya seriveri ya AI ya CPU, twahuye n'ikibazo cyo kugabanuka gukabije kwa voltage ya core. Twagerageje kunoza imiterere ya PCB no kongera umubare wa capacitors zisohoka, ariko slope yo gusohora yapimwe hifashishijwe oscilloscope ntabwo ishimishije, bituma dukeka ko ESR ya capacitor iri hejuru cyane. Kuri ubu buryo bwo gukoresha, ni gute twapima cyangwa tugasuzuma neza ESR nyayo ya capacitor muri circuit? Uretse kureba urupapuro rw'amakuru, ni ubuhe buryo bufatika bwo kugenzura buri mu ndege?
Igisubizo: Kuri izo porogaramu zifite imikorere yo hejuru, turasaba gukoresha capacitors za multilayer solid-state zifite imiterere ya ESR iri hasi cyane, nka YMIN MPS series, ESR yazo ishobora kuba iri hasi nka ≤3mΩ (@100kHz), ihuye n'amahame y'abanywanyi bo mu Buyapani bakomeye. Mu gihe cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi, umuvuduko wo kugarura voltage ushobora kugaragara binyuze mu igerageza ry'intambwe zo gushyiramo imizigo, cyangwa umurongo wa impedance ushobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe isesengura ry'umuyoboro. Nyuma yo gusimbuza izi capacitors, ubusanzwe si ngombwa kuvugurura uburyo bwo kwishyura, ariko isuzuma ry'igisubizo ry'agateganyo rirasabwa kugira ngo ryemeze ingaruka nziza.
Ikibazo cya 2:
Ikibazo: Module yacu y’amashanyarazi ya GPU ihura n’igabanuka rikomeye ry’amashanyarazi mu gihe cy’igeragezwa ry’ibidukikije rijyanye n’ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ishusho y’ubushyuhe igaragaza ko ubushyuhe bw’agace ka capacitor burenze 85°C. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ESR ifite igipimo cy’ubushyuhe cyiza. Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma imikorere y’ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa capacitors, uretse agaciro ka ESR y’ubushyuhe bw’icyumba mu ifishi y’amakuru, twagombye no kwita ku murongo wa ESR wo gushyuha mu rugero rwose rw’ubushyuhe? Muri rusange, ni ibihe bikoresho cyangwa imiterere ituma capacitors zishyuha buhoro?
Igisubizo: Impungenge zawe ni ingenzi cyane. Ni ngombwa cyane kwita ku kuntu ESR ya capacitor ihagaze neza mu bushyuhe bwose (-55°C kugeza 105°C). Capacitors za polymer solid-state (nk'uruhererekane rwa YMIN MPS) zirakora neza muri uru rwego, zigaragaza impinduka buhoro buhoro muri ESR mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Urugero, ukwiyongera kwa ESR kuri 85℃ ugereranije na 25℃ bishobora kugenzurwa muri 15%, bitewe n'imiterere yazo ya electrolyte solid-state ihamye n'imiterere ya multilayer, bigatuma ziba nziza ku bushyuhe bwinshi kandi zizewe cyane nka seriveri za AI.
Ikibazo cya 3:
Ikibazo: Kubera umwanya muto cyane wo gushyiraho PCB, ntidushobora kugabanya ESR muri rusange duhuza capacitors nyinshi icyarimwe. Kuri ubu, ESR ya capacitor imwe iri hafi 5mΩ, ariko igisubizo cy'igihe gito kiracyari gito. Tubona capacitors zifite ubushobozi bumwe ku isoko zivuga ko ESR iri munsi ya 3mΩ. Ni ibihe biranga impedance y'izi capacitors zifite ubushobozi bwinshi ku murongo wo hejuru (urugero, hejuru ya 1MHz)? Ese ingaruka zazo zo kuyungurura zifite frequency yo hejuru zizahungabanywa bitewe n'imiterere itandukanye?
Igisubizo: Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara. Capacitors zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zifite ESR nyinshi zifite ibara rito (nk'uruhererekane rwa YMIN MPS) zishobora kugera kuri ESR nke na ESL nke (inductance y'uruhererekane ingana) binyuze mu miterere ya electrode y'imbere ikozwe neza. Kubwibyo, igumana impedance nke cyane mu ntera ya 1MHz kugeza kuri 10MHz, bigatuma habaho urusaku rwiza cyane. Impedance-frequency curve yayo ikunze kuhurirana n'iy'ibicuruzwa bisa n'ibikomoka ku bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bikomeye, nta ngaruka ku miterere y'imbaraga (PI).
Ikibazo cya kane:
Ikibazo: Mu gishushanyo cya VRM cy’ibyiciro byinshi, twabonye ubusumbane buriho muri buri cyiciro, dukeka ko hari isano iri hagati ya ESR parameter standance ya capacitors za buri cyiciro. Ndetse no gukoresha capacitors zo mu itsinda rimwe, iterambere ni rike. Ku miterere y’amashanyarazi ya seriveri ya AI igamije imikorere ikabije, ni uruhe rwego rw’ubusumbane bwa ESR batch n’ikwirakwizwa ryazo bigomba kugerwaho? Ese abakora batanga amakuru ajyanye n’ikwirakwizwa ry’ibarurishamibare?
Igisubizo: Ikibazo cyawe kireba ku buryo bw’ingenzi bwo gukora neza. Abakora capacitor bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza bagomba kuba bashobora kugenzura neza imiterere ya ESR. Urugero, uruhererekane rwa MPS rwa ymin, binyuze mu buryo bw’imikorere bwikora, rushobora kugenzura ikwirakwizwa rya ESR mu buryo bw’itsinda riri hagati ya ± 10% kandi rutanga raporo zirambuye z’ibarurishamibare. Ibi ni ingenzi ku miterere y’amashanyarazi ya CPU/GPU ifite imbaraga nyinshi isaba gusangira umuriro mu byiciro byinshi.
Q5:
Ikibazo: Uretse gukoresha isesengura ry’imiyoboro rihenze, hari uburyo bworoshye mu rwego rwo gusuzuma ESR mu buryo bw’ubuziranenge cyangwa mu buryo buciriritse n’umuvuduko wo gusohora capacitors? Twagerageje gukoresha umutwaro w’ikoranabuhanga mu gupima intambwe, ariko ni gute twakuramo ibipimo bifatika mu ishusho y’igabanuka ry’amashanyarazi ryapimwe kugira ngo tugereranye imikorere ya capacitors zitandukanye?
Igisubizo: Yego, igeragezwa ry’intambwe yo gushyiramo ingufu ni uburyo bwiza. Ushobora kwibanda ku bipimo bibiri: kugabanuka k’umuvuduko ntarengwa (ΔV) n’igihe gisabwa kugira ngo umuvuduko ugaruke ku gaciro gahamye. ΔV ntoya n’igihe gito cyo kugarura ingufu akenshi bivuze ESR ntoya kandi yihuta cyane. Bamwe mu batanga serivisi za capacitor (nka ymin) batanga inyandiko zirambuye zo gukoresha kugira ngo bagufashe gushyiraho ibizamini no gusobanura amakuru, bityo bakamenya uko iterambere ryazanwaga na capacitors za ESR nke cyane nka MPS series.
II. Ibibazo byo gucunga ubushyuhe ku bijyanye no kudahindagurika kw'amazi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi
Ikibazo cy'ingenzi cya 2: Iyo imashini imaze igihe kirekire ikora, capacitors zirashyuha cyane, kandi ubushyuhe bw'ikirere nabwo buba buri hejuru. Mfite impungenge ko zizangirika mu gihe kirekire. Ese hari capacitors za 560μF zifite umuvuduko mwinshi cyane zishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 105℃? Ubushobozi nabwo ni ingenzi cyane
Ikibazo cya 6:
Ikibazo: Iyo seriveri yacu ya AI ikora ku muvuduko wuzuye, ubushyuhe bwapimwe bw'agace ka capacitor muri GPU power supply circuit bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi zirenga 90. Imibare igaragaza ko umuvuduko wa ripple ukenewe wa dogere selisiyusi hafi 8.5A, ariko umuvuduko wa ripple wa capacitors zisanzweho ntuhagije cyane iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru. Ni gute twasobanura agaciro ka ripple current mu rupapuro rw'amakuru mugihe duhitamo capacitors? Urugero, kuri capacitor yanditseho "10.2A @ 45°C", umuvuduko wayo nyawo uzakoreshwa uzaba ufite itariki ingahe ku bushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 85?
Igisubizo: Gutandukanya umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi ni ingenzi cyane mu gushushanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Amakuru asanzwe atanga imiyoboro igabanya ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Dufashe urugero rwa YMIN MPS, umuyoboro wayo wa 10.2A ripple (@45°C) uracyafite ubushobozi bwo gukora bwa ≥8.2A nyuma yo gutandukanya ubushyuhe bwa 85°C, kugabanuka kwa hafi 20%, bitewe n'igihombo cyayo gito n'imiterere myiza y'ubushyuhe. Guhitamo ubwo bwoko bwa capacitor bituma habaho imikorere ihamye mu bidukikije bishyushye cyane.
Ikibazo cya 7:
Ikibazo: Twagabanyije neza izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bwa capacitor twongera ubunini bwa foil ya PCB kuva kuri 1oz kugeza kuri 2oz, ariko ingaruka ntizari ziteganijwe. Ku ma capacitor akeneye kwihanganira umuvuduko w'amazi urenga 10A, uretse ubunini bw'umuringa, ni ibihe bintu bindi bya PCB bigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe bwa nyuma bwo gukora? Ese hari imiterere isabwa kandi binyuze mu mabwiriza yo gushushanya?
Igisubizo: Igishushanyo mbonera cya PCB ni ingenzi cyane. Uretse gukaza umubyimba w'umuringa, ni ngombwa kandi kwemeza inzira ngufi n'izagutse z'umugezi no kugabanya impedance ya loop. Kuri capacitors z'umugezi zirimo amajwi menshi nka YMIN MPS series, ni byiza gushyira urukurikirane rw'ibice by'ubushyuhe hafi y'ibice by'umugezi (atari hepfo) no kubihuza n'ubutaka bw'imbere kugira ngo ubushyuhe bushire. Dukurikije aya mabwiriza yo gushushanya, hamwe na ESR iri hasi ya 3mΩ ya capacitor, izamuka risanzwe ry'ubushyuhe rishobora kugenzurwa muri dogere selisiyusi 15, bikarushaho kunoza uburyo bwo kwizera.
Ikibazo cya 8:
Ikibazo: Muri VRM ifite ibice byinshi, nubwo haba hari aho capacitor ishyirwa, ubushyuhe bwa capacitor mu gice cyo hagati buracyari hejuru ya 5-8°C ugereranyije n'impande, bishobora guterwa n'umwuka utembera n'imiterere idahuye. Muri iki gihe, hari imiterere ya capacitor cyangwa ingamba zo guhitamo kugira ngo habeho kuringaniza umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bwa buri cyiciro? Igisubizo: Iki ni ikibazo gisanzwe cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo butaringaniye. Ingamba imwe ni ugukoresha capacitors zifite amanota menshi ya ripple current mu gice cyo hagati cyangwa ahantu hashyushye, cyangwa guhuza capacitors ebyiri zihurira kuri utwo duce kugira ngo zikwirakwize umutwaro w'ubushyuhe. Urugero, moderi yihariye ya Irip yo muri YMIN MPS series ishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo ishyigikirwe mu buryo busanzwe hatabayeho guhindura ubushobozi bwa capacitor muri rusange, bityo bigatuma sisitemu ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe nta gushushanya cyane.
Q9:
Ikibazo: Mu bizamini byacu byo kuramba cyane, twasanze ubushobozi bwa capacitor zimwe na zimwe bwagaragaje kwangirika gushoboka hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwiyongera n'imikorere miremire (urugero, kwangirika kurenga 10% kuri 105°C). Ku ngufu za seriveri ya AI zisaba kudahungabana igihe kirekire, ni gute imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'ubushobozi bwo kudahungabana igihe kirekire bya capacitor byakwitabwaho? Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa capacitor bukora neza muri uru rwego?
Igisubizo: Guhagarara k'ubushobozi ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'ubwirinzi bwo kuramba. Capacitors za polymer zikora neza, cyane cyane ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho, zifite inyungu muri uru rwego. Urugero, uruhererekane rwa MPS rwa ymin rukoresha electrolyte yihariye ya polymer, aho ubushobozi bwayo bushobora kugenzurwa muri ± 10% mu bushyuhe bwose (-55℃ kugeza 105℃). Byongeye kandi, nyuma y'amasaha 2000 yo gukora kuri 105°C, ubusanzwe ubushobozi bwo kwangirika buba buri munsi ya 5%, buruta cyane capacitors zisanzwe cyangwa zikora neza.
Q10:
Ikibazo: Kugira ngo tugenzure izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bwa capacitor ku rwego rwa sisitemu, turateganya gushyiraho simulation y'ubushyuhe. Ni ibihe bipimo by'ingenzi (urugero, Rth yo kurwanya ubushyuhe) dukeneye kubona ku mutanga serivisi kugira ngo twubake moderi nyayo y'ubushyuhe bwa capacitor? Ni gute ibi bipimo bipimwa, kandi se bitangwa nk'ibisanzwe mu rupapuro rw'amakuru?
Igisubizo: Gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe neza bisaba uburyo bwa capacitor bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe (Rth-ja). Abakora capacitor bazwi bazatanga aya makuru. Urugero, ymin itanga uburyo bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe bushingiye ku miterere isanzwe ya JESD51 kuri capacitors zayo za MPS, kandi ishobora kuba irimo imirongo y’ubushyuhe ijyanye n’imiterere itandukanye ya PCB. Ibi bifasha cyane abahanga mu guhanura no kunoza imikorere y’ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu mu ntangiriro z’igishushanyo.
III. Ibibazo byo kugenzura igihe kirekire n'ubwirinzi bwinshi
Ikibazo cy'ingenzi cya 3: Ibikoresho byacu byagenewe igihe kirenga imyaka 5, ariko capacitors ziriho ubu ziteganijwe ko zizagabanuka mu mikorere mu myaka 3. Ese hari capacitors za solid-state zifite igihe kirekire zishobora kwemeza amasaha arenga 2000 kuri 105°C?
Q11:
Ikibazo: Seriveri yacu ya AI yagenewe imyaka 5 ikora neza idasibangana. Dufashe ko ubushyuhe bw'icyumba cya seriveri ari 35°C, ubushyuhe bw'ibanze bwa capacitor buteganijwe kuba hafi 85°C. Ni gute ibisubizo by'ikizamini cy'ubuzima "amasaha 2000 kuri 105°C" bikunze kuboneka mu bipimo byahindurwamo ubuzima buteganijwe mu bihe nyabyo by'imikorere? Ese hari icyitegererezo cy'ingufu n'uburyo bwo kubara byemewe na bose?
Igisubizo: Uburyo bwa Arrhenius busanzwe bukoreshwa mu guhindura ubuzima; kuri buri kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 10, igihe cyo kubaho cyikuba kabiri. Ariko, imibare nyayo igomba no gusuzuma umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Bamwe mu bagurisha batanga ibikoresho byo kubara igihe cyo kubaho kuri interineti. Dufashe urugero rwa YMIN MPS, ikizamini cyayo cy'amasaha 2000 @105°C cyakozwe mu gihe cyuzuye. Yahinduwe dogere selisiyusi 85 kandi urebye umuvuduko w'akazi nyuma yo gucika intege, igihe cyayo cy'ubuzima giteganyijwe kirenze cyane igihe cy'imyaka 5 gisabwa, kandi haratangwa imibare irambuye.
Q12:
Ikibazo: Mu bizamini byacu byo gusaza ku bushyuhe bwinshi twikoreye ubwacu, twasanze hari capacitors zabonye ESR yiyongeraho 30% nyuma y'amasaha 1500. Ku capacitors zifite igihe kirekire cyo kubaho, ni ayahe makuru y'ingenzi yo kwangirika k'imikorere (nk'ubwiyongere bwa ESR n'impinduka mu bushobozi) agomba gushyirwa muri raporo y'ikizamini cy'igihe cyo kubaho? Ni uruhe rugero rw'ibyangiritse rushobora gufatwa nk'urwemewe?
Igisubizo: Raporo y’ikizamini cy’ubuzima busanzwe igomba kwandika neza imiterere y’ikizamini (ubushyuhe, voltage, umuyoboro w’amazi uhindagurika) hamwe n’impinduka za ESR n’ubushobozi busanzwe. Ku bikorwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, muri rusange bisabwa ko nyuma y’amasaha 2000 yo gupima ubushyuhe bwinshi, kwiyongera kwa ESR kutagomba kurenza 10%, kandi kwangirika kwa capacitance ntigomba kurenza 5%. Urugero, raporo yemewe y’ikizamini cy’ubuzima busanzwe cya YMIN MPS series ikoresha iyi standard, itanga amakuru asobanutse kandi ikagaragaza ko ihamye mu bihe bikomeye.
Q13:
Ikibazo: Seriveri zisaba ibizamini bitandukanye bya mechanical vibration. Twahuye n'ibibazo byo kwangirika kwa micro-cracks ku ngingo za capacitor pin solder bitewe no kwangirika. Mu gihe cyo guhitamo capacitors, ni izihe nyubako za mechanical cyangwa ibyemezo byo gupima bigomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo byongere ubudahangarwa bwo kwangirika?
Igisubizo: Ibande ku kureba niba capacitor yaratsinze ibizamini byo guhindagura hakurikijwe amahame nka IEC 60068-2-6. Mu miterere, capacitors zifite hasi huzuye resin hamwe n'imiterere y'udupira tw'imbaraga zitanga ubudahangarwa bwo guhindaguragura buhebuje. Urugero, uruhererekane rwa MPS rwa ymin rukoresha iyi miterere ikomeye kandi rwatsinze ibizamini bikomeye byo guhindagura, rugaragaza ko guhuza kw'ibikoresho byizewe mu gihe cyo gutwara no gukora kwa seriveri.
Q14:
Ikibazo: Turashaka kubaka icyitegererezo cy’ubwizigenge bwa capacitor gisobanutse neza, gisaba amakuru y’igipimo cy’ikwirakwizwa ry’amakosa (urugero, imiterere n’ibipimo by’ikwirakwizwa rya Weibull). Ese abakora capacitor bakunze guha abakiriya aya makuru y’ubwizigenge arambuye?
Igisubizo: Yego, inganda zikomeye zitanga amakuru yimbitse yerekeye ukwizerwa. Urugero, Ymin ishobora guha urukurikirane rwayo rwa MPS raporo zirimo agaciro k'igipimo cyo gutsindwa (FIT), ibipimo byo gukwirakwiza Weibull, n'ibipimo by'ubuzima bwose ku rwego rutandukanye rw'icyizere. Aya makuru, ashingiye ku isuzuma rikomeye ry'ubudahangarwa, afasha abakiriya gukora isuzuma ry'ubwizerwe ku rwego rwa sisitemu no guhanura neza.
Q15:
Ikibazo: Kugira ngo tugenzure igipimo cy’igabanuka ry’ibicuruzwa hakiri kare, twongeyeho intambwe yo gusuzuma gusaza ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi ku igenzura ryacu ry’ibikoresho bije. Ese abakora capacitor bakora isuzuma ry’igabanuka ry’ibicuruzwa hakiri kare 100% mbere yo kohereza? Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe byo gusuzuma, kandi ni ingenzi gute kugira ngo habeho icyizere cy’itsinda ry’ibikoresho?
Igisubizo: Inganda zikora capacitor nziza zishinzwe kugenzura 100% mbere yo kohereza. Imiterere isanzwe yo kugenzura ishobora kuba ikubiyemo gukoresha voltage ifite agaciro n'umuriro uhindagurika ku bushyuhe buri hejuru y'ubushyuhe bufite agaciro (urugero, 125°C) mu gihe kirenga amasaha 24. Ubu buryo bukomeye bukuraho neza ibicuruzwa byangiritse hakiri kare, bigabanya igipimo cyo gutsindwa kw'ibicuruzwa bisohoka kugeza ku gipimo cyo hasi cyane (urugero, <10ppm). Ymin ikoresha ubu buryo bukomeye bwo gusuzuma ibintu bya MPS, iha abakiriya ubwishingizi bw'ubuziranenge "bw'ubusembwa nta ngaruka".
IV. Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibikoresho bigabanya imikorere myiza (Alternative High-Performance Capacitors)
Ikibazo nyamukuru cya 4: Seri ya Panasonic GX turimo gukoresha ubu ifite igihe kirekire cyane cyo kuyikoresha/igiciro kinini, kandi dukeneye byihutirwa ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha mu gihugu. Ese hari capacitors za 2.5V 560μF zifite ESR ingana, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi uhindagurika, n'igihe cyo kuyikoresha? Byaba byiza, habayeho uburyo bwo kuyisimbura butaziguye.
Q16:
Ikibazo: Bitewe n'imbogamizi z'uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho, tugomba gushaka capacitor ikora neza mu gihugu kugira ngo isimbuze capacitor ya 560μF/2.5V iva ku kirango cy'Abayapani gikoreshwa mu gushushanya. Uretse ubushobozi bw'ibanze, voltage, ESR, n'ibipimo, ni ibihe bipimo by'imikorere byimbitse n'imirongo bigomba kugereranywa mu gihe cyo kugenzura uburyo bwo gusimbuza ibintu mu buryo butaziguye?
Igisubizo: Gupima mu buryo bwimbitse ni ingenzi cyane. Ibi bikurikira bigomba kugereranywa: 1) Imirongo yuzuye ya impedance-frequency (kuva kuri 100Hz kugeza kuri 10MHz) kugira ngo habeho imiterere ihoraho ya frequency yo hejuru; 2) Imirongo igabanya ubushyuhe bwa Ripple; 3) Amakuru y'igihe cy'ubuzima n'imirongo yo kubora. Ubundi buryo bwemewe, nka YMIN MPS series, buzatanga raporo irambuye yo kugereranya igaragaza ko iri ku rwego rumwe cyangwa ruruta urwa mbere rw'umukinnyi w'Umuyapani mu bipimo by'ingenzi byavuzwe haruguru, bityo bikagera ku gusimbuza "plug-and-play" nyayo.
Q17:
Ikibazo: Nyuma yo gusimbuza capacitors neza, imikorere ya sisitemu yakurikije cyane ibisabwa, ariko kwiyongera gato k'urusaku rw'amajwi byagaragaye mu gutanga ingufu ku murongo runaka (urugero, 1.2MHz). Ni iki gishobora kuba gitera ibi? Hatabayeho guhindura topology nyamukuru, ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutunganya neza bushobora gukoreshwa mu kunoza ibi?
Igisubizo: Ibi bishobora kuba biterwa n'itandukaniro rito mu miterere ya impedance hagati ya capacitors zishaje n'izishya ku murongo wo hejuru cyane. Uburyo bwo kunoza burimo: guhuza capacitors za kera zifite agaciro gato, nkeya za ESL hamwe na capacitors nini zisanzweho kugira ngo zinoze filter kuri uwo murongo; cyangwa kunoza frequency yo guhinduranya. Abatanga capacitors bazwi (nka ymin) bazatanga ubufasha ku bicuruzwa byabo (urugero, MPS series), harimo n'ibitekerezo byihariye byo kunoza filter isohoka.
Q18:
Ikibazo: Ibicuruzwa byacu bigurishwa ku isi yose kandi bifite amategeko akaze agenga ibidukikije (nka RoHS 2.0, REACH). Mu gihe usuzuma abatanga capacitor bashya, ni ibihe byangombwa byihariye bigomba gusabwa?
Igisubizo: Abatanga ibicuruzwa bagomba gusabwa gutanga raporo iheruka y’isuzuma rya RoHS/REACH ryatanzwe n’ikigo cyemewe (nka SGS), hamwe n’ifishi yuzuye y’imenyekanisha ry’ibikoresho. Izi nyandiko zigomba kugaragaza neza ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry’ibintu byose bibujijwe. Abatanga ibicuruzwa basanzwe, nka Ymin, bashobora gutanga urutonde rwuzuye rw’inyandiko zubahiriza ibidukikije zujuje ibisabwa mpuzamahanga ku bicuruzwa nka MPS series, bigatuma ibicuruzwa by’abakiriya byinjira neza ku isoko ry’isi.
Q19:
Ikibazo: Kugira ngo tugabanye ibyago byo kugabanyirizwa ibicuruzwa, turateganya gushyiraho undi mutanga serivisi. Ese ibicuruzwa bya capacitor by'uyu mutanga serivisi mushya bifite inyigo zigezweho zerekana ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byinshi bya AI cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu kigo cy'amakuru? Ese bashobora gutanga raporo z'igenzura cyangwa amakuru y'imikorere aturutse ku bakiriya ba nyuma nk'icyitegererezo?
Igisubizo: Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye mu kugabanya ibyago byo kwinjira. Umucuruzi wemewe agomba kuba ashobora gutanga inyigo z’ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa byinshi mu bakiriya bazwi cyangwa mu mishinga ijyanye n’igihe. Urugero, Ymin ishobora gutanga raporo za tekiniki cyangwa ibyemezo by’abakiriya bigaragaza igenzura ry’igihe kirekire ry’ubwizerwe (nk’amasaha 2000 y’umutwaro wuzuye mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ubwikorezi bw’ubushyuhe, nibindi) bya capacitors zayo za MPS mu mishinga ya seriveri ya AI y’abakora seriveri benshi bakomeye, bikaba ari ishimwe rikomeye ry’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa byayo n’ubwizerwe.
Q20:
Ikibazo: Turebye igihe cy'imishinga n'ikiguzi cy'ububiko, tugomba gusuzuma ubushobozi bw'abatanga capacitor bashya ndetse n'uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa bihamye. Ni ayahe makuru y'ingenzi tugomba gukusanya ku batanga ibicuruzwa mu gihe cyo kuvugana nabo bwa mbere kugira ngo dusuzume ubushobozi bwabo mu ruhererekane rw'ibikoresho?
Igisubizo: Tugomba kwibanda ku gusobanukirwa: 1) Ubushobozi bwa buri kwezi/umwaka ku ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bihuye; 2) Inzira isanzwe yo gutanga ibicuruzwa; 3) Niba bashyigikira iteganyagihe n'amasezerano y'igihe kirekire yo gutanga ibicuruzwa; 4) Politiki y'ingero n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa. Urugero, ymin isanzwe ifite ubushobozi buhagije, igihe cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa giteganyijwe (urugero, ibyumweru 8-10) ku bicuruzwa by'ingenzi nka MPS series, kandi ishobora gutanga inkunga y'icyitegererezo ihindagurika n'amabwiriza y'ubucuruzi kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mu iterambere ry'imishinga no gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-03-2026