Mu gihe cyo guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa capacitor yo gukoresha mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, amahitamo ashobora gutera urujijo. Bumwe mu bwoko busanzwe bwa capacitor bukoreshwa mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi ni capacitor ya electrolytic. Muri iki cyiciro, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi: capacitor ya aluminium electrolytic na capacitor ya polymer electrolytic. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubu bwoko bubiri bwa capacitor ni ingenzi mu guhitamo capacitor ikwiye gukoreshwa mu buryo runaka.
Capacitors za electrolytic za aluminiyumuni ubwoko bwa capacitors za electrolytic zisanzwe kandi zikoreshwa cyane. Zizwiho ubushobozi bwazo bwinshi n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi. Izi capacitors zikorwa hakoreshejwe impapuro zirimo electrolyte nk'amashanyarazi na aluminiyumu nk'amashanyarazi. Electrolyte akenshi iba ari ikintu cy'amazi cyangwa gel, kandi ni imikoranire hagati ya electrolyte na aluminiyumu bituma izi capacitors zibika kandi zigasohora ingufu z'amashanyarazi.
Ku rundi ruhande, capacitors za polymer electrolytic ni ubwoko bushya kandi bugezweho bwa capacitors za electrolytic. Aho gukoresha electrolyte y'amazi cyangwa gel, capacitors za polymer zikoresha polymer ikomeye nk'electrolyte, bigatuma habaho gutuza no kugabanya imbaraga zo mu kirere. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya solid-state muri capacitors za polymer bishobora kongera ubwizerwe, kongera igihe cyo gukora, no gutanga imikorere myiza mu bikorwa bikoresha frequency nyinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Imwe mu tandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati yacapacitors za electrolytic za aluminiyumukandi capacitors za polymer electrolytic ni zo zimara igihe kinini zikora. Capacitors za aluminium electrolytic muri rusange zimara igihe gito ugereranyije na capacitors za polymer kandi zishobora kwangirika bitewe n'ibintu nk'ubushyuhe bwinshi, stress ya voltage, na ripple current. Capacitors za polymer, ku rundi ruhande, zimara igihe kirekire zikora kandi zagenewe kwihanganira imimerere igoye y'imikorere, bigatuma zikoreshwa mu bikorwa bigoye.
Irindi tandukaniro rikomeye ni ESR (ubudahangarwa bw'uruhererekane) bw'izi capacitors zombi. Capacitors za aluminium electrolytic zifite ESR iri hejuru ugereranije na capacitors za polymer. Ibi bivuze ko capacitors za polymer zifite ubudahangarwa bwo hasi imbere, bigatuma imikorere myiza mu bijyanye no gucunga umuyoboro w'amazi, gutanga ubushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ingufu.
Mu bunini n'uburemere, capacitors za polymer muri rusange ni nto kandi zoroshye kurusha capacitors za aluminium zifite ubushobozi bumwe n'igipimo cy'amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma zikoreshwa neza mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bito kandi byoroheje, aho umwanya n'uburemere ari ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho.
Muri make, nubwo capacitors za aluminium electrolytic zimaze imyaka myinshi ari zo zikundwa cyane bitewe n’agaciro kazo ko hejuru k’ubushobozi bwazo n’ibipimo bya voltage, capacitors za polymer electrolytic zitanga ibyiza byinshi mu bijyanye no kuramba, imikorere, n’ingano. Guhitamo hagati y’ubwoko bubiri bwa capacitors biterwa n’ibisabwa byihariye by’ikoreshwa, nko imiterere y’imikorere, imbogamizi z’umwanya, n’ibisabwa mu mikorere.
Muri rusange, capacitors za aluminium electrolytic na capacitors za polymer electrolytic zifite ibyiza n'ibibi byazo. Kugira ngo hatoranywe ubwoko bwa capacitors bukwiriye gukoreshwa, ni ngombwa gusuzuma witonze ibisabwa byihariye n'imiterere y'imikorere y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, capacitors za polymer electrolytic zigenda zikundwa cyane bitewe n'imikorere yazo myiza n'ubwizerwe, bigatuma ziba ubundi buryo bushoboka bwo gusimbura capacitors za aluminium electrolytic zisanzwe mu bikorwa byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2024