Mugihe cyo guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa capacitori ya porogaramu ya elegitoronike, amahitamo arashobora kuba azunguruka. Bumwe mu bwoko bwa capacator zikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi ya elegitoronike ni capacitori ya electrolytike. Muri iki cyiciro, hari ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi: capacitori ya aluminium electrolytike na capacitori ya polymer electrolytike. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwa capacator ningirakamaro muguhitamo ubushobozi bukwiye kubisabwa.
Imashanyarazi ya aluminiumnuburyo busanzwe kandi bukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwa electrolytike. Bazwiho agaciro gakomeye nubushobozi bwo gukora urwego rwinshi rwa voltage. Izi capacator zikorwa hifashishijwe impapuro zatewe na electrolyte nka dielectric na aluminium foil nka electrode. Ubusanzwe electrolyte ni ibintu byamazi cyangwa gel, kandi ni imikoranire hagati ya electrolyte na fayili ya aluminium ituma izo capacator zibika kandi zikarekura ingufu zamashanyarazi.
Kuruhande rwa polymer electrolytike, kurundi ruhande, ni ubwoko bushya, bwateye imbere bwa capacitori ya electrolytike. Aho gukoresha electrolyte y'amazi cyangwa gel, ubushobozi bwa polymer bukoresha polymer ikomeye ikora nka electrolyte, bigatuma habaho guhagarara neza no kurwanya imbere imbere. Gukoresha tekinoroji ya leta ikomeye muri capacator ya polymer irashobora kongera ubwizerwe, ikongerera igihe cya serivisi, kandi igatanga imikorere myiza mumashanyarazi menshi kandi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Imwe muntandukanyirizo hagatiubushobozi bwa aluminium electrolytikena polymer electrolytike capacator nubuzima bwabo bwa serivisi. Ububiko bwa aluminium electrolytike muri rusange bufite ubuzima bucye kurenza ubushobozi bwa polymer kandi burashobora kwibasirwa cyane nubushuhe bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, imbaraga za voltage, hamwe numuyaga uhindagurika. Kanseri ya polymer, kurundi ruhande, ifite igihe kirekire cyo gukora kandi igenewe guhangana n’imikorere ikaze, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza mu gusaba.
Irindi tandukaniro ryingenzi ni ESR (ihwanye nuruhererekane rwo kurwanya) ya capacator zombi. Imashini ya aluminium electrolytike ifite ESR yo hejuru ugereranije na polymer capacator. Ibi bivuze ko ubushobozi bwa polymer bufite imbaraga zo kurwanya imbere, bikavamo imikorere myiza mubijyanye no gufata ibintu neza, kubyara ubushyuhe no gukwirakwiza ingufu.
Ukurikije ubunini nuburemere, ubushobozi bwa polymer mubusanzwe ni buto kandi bworoshye kuruta ubushobozi bwa aluminiyumu ifite ubushobozi busa nuburinganire bwa voltage. Ibi bituma barushaho gukoreshwa kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroheje kandi byoroheje, aho umwanya nuburemere ari ibintu byingenzi bitekerezwaho.
Muncamake, mugihe aluminium electrolytike capacator yatoranijwe mumyaka myinshi bitewe nubushobozi bwayo buhanitse hamwe nu gipimo cya voltage, ubushobozi bwa polymer electrolytike butanga inyungu nyinshi mubijyanye no kuramba, imikorere, nubunini. Guhitamo hagati yubwoko bubiri bwa capacator biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu, nkibikorwa byimikorere, imbogamizi zumwanya, nibisabwa gukora.
Muri byose, byombi bya aluminium electrolytike na capacitori ya polymer electrolytike ifite ibyiza byayo nibibi. Kugirango uhitemo ubwoko bwa capacitori ikwiranye na porogaramu, ni ngombwa gusuzuma witonze ibisabwa byihariye nuburyo imikorere yumuzunguruko wa elegitoroniki. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, imiyoboro ya polymer electrolytike iragenda ikundwa cyane kubera imikorere inoze kandi yizewe, bigatuma iba iyindi nzira ishoboka ya capacitori ya aluminium electrolytike gakondo mubikoresho byinshi bya elegitoroniki.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2024