Intangiriro
Ikoranabuhanga ryingufu nifatizo ryibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho, kandi uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, icyifuzo cyo kunoza imikorere ya sisitemu y’amashanyarazi gikomeje kwiyongera. Ni muri urwo rwego, guhitamo ibikoresho bya semiconductor biba ngombwa. Mu gihe imashanyarazi ya silicon gakondo (Si) iracyakoreshwa henshi, ibikoresho bigenda bigaragara nka Gallium Nitride (GaN) na Silicon Carbide (SiC) bigenda byamamara mu ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nyinshi. Iyi ngingo izasesengura itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bikoresho bitatu mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu, uko bikoreshwa, hamwe n’amasoko agezweho yo gusobanukirwa impamvu GaN na SiC bigenda biba ngombwa muri sisitemu y’amashanyarazi.
1. Silicon (Si) - Ibikoresho gakondo Imbaraga za Semiconductor
1.1 Ibiranga ibyiza
Silicon nigikoresho cyambere mubikorwa byamashanyarazi, hamwe nimyaka mirongo ikoreshwa mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki. Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri Si biranga uburyo bukuze bwo gukora hamwe nuburyo bugari bwo gukoresha, butanga inyungu nkigiciro gito hamwe nuyoboro uhamye. Ibikoresho bya Silicon byerekana amashanyarazi meza, bigatuma bikenerwa muburyo butandukanye bwa elegitoroniki zikoreshwa, kuva ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikoresha ingufu nke kugeza kuri sisitemu yinganda zikomeye.
1.2 Imipaka
Ariko, uko icyifuzo cyo gukora neza no gukora muri sisitemu yingufu zigenda ziyongera, imipaka yibikoresho bya silicon igaragara. Ubwa mbere, silikoni ikora nabi mugihe cyumuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, biganisha ku gutakaza ingufu no kugabanya imikorere ya sisitemu. Byongeye kandi, silicon yo hasi yubushyuhe bwumuriro ituma imicungire yubushyuhe igorana mumashanyarazi menshi, bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yo kwizerwa no kubaho.
1.3 Ahantu ho gusaba
Nubwo hari ibibazo, ibikoresho bya silicon bikomeza kwiganza mubikorwa byinshi gakondo, cyane cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi bikoresha ibiciro ndetse no hagati yingufu zingana nka AC-DC ihindura, DC-DC ihindura, ibikoresho byo murugo, nibikoresho bya mudasobwa.
2. Gallium Nitride (GaN) - Ibikoresho Bivuka Byinshi-Bikora
2.1 Ibiranga ibyiza
Gallium Nitride ni mugari mugariigice cya kabiriibikoresho birangwa no gusenyuka murwego rwo hejuru, moteri ya elegitoronike yo hejuru, hamwe no kwihanganira bike. Ugereranije na silicon, ibikoresho bya GaN birashobora gukora kumurongo mwinshi, bikagabanya cyane ingano yibice bya pasiporo mubikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi no kongera ingufu zumuriro. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bya GaN birashobora kuzamura cyane sisitemu yimikorere bitewe nubushobozi buke bwayo no guhinduranya igihombo, cyane cyane mubiciriritse kugeza ku mbaraga nke, porogaramu nyinshi.
2.2 Imipaka
Nuburyo bwiza bwibikorwa bya GaN, ibiciro byayo byo gukora bikomeza kuba byinshi, bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo murwego rwohejuru aho imikorere nubunini ari ngombwa. Byongeye kandi, tekinoroji ya GaN iracyari mubyiciro byambere byiterambere, hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo kwizerwa no gukura kwinshi bikenera kwemezwa.
2.3 Ahantu ho gusaba
Ibikoresho bya GaN byihuta cyane kandi biranga imikorere myiza byatumye byemerwa mubice byinshi bigenda bigaragara, harimo amashanyarazi yihuta, ibikoresho by'itumanaho rya 5G, inverteri ikora neza, hamwe na elegitoroniki yo mu kirere. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere nigiciro kigabanuka, GaN biteganijwe ko izagira uruhare runini mubikorwa byinshi.
3. Caricon Carbide (SiC) - Ibikoresho Byakoreshejwe Kumashanyarazi Yinshi
3.1 Ibiranga ibyiza
Silicon Carbide nikindi kintu kinini cyagutse cya semiconductor hamwe numurima wo hejuru cyane wo gusenyuka, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, numuvuduko wuzuye wa electron kuruta silikoni. Ibikoresho bya SiC byitwaye neza cyane mumashanyarazi menshi hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi, cyane cyane mumodoka yamashanyarazi (EV) na inverter yinganda. SiC yihanganira voltage nyinshi hamwe nigihombo gito cyo guhinduranya bituma ihitamo neza uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi neza no gukwirakwiza ingufu.
3.2 Imipaka
Kimwe na GaN, ibikoresho bya SiC bihenze kubikora, hamwe nibikorwa bigoye. Ibi bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo ifite agaciro gakomeye nka sisitemu ya power power, sisitemu yingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, inverteri nini cyane, hamwe nibikoresho bya gride byubwenge.
3.3 Ahantu ho gusaba
Ibiranga SiC ikora neza, ifite ingufu nyinshi cyane bituma ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki ikoresha ingufu nyinshi, ahantu h’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nka EV inverter na charger, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, amashanyarazi akoresha umuyaga, nibindi byinshi. Mugihe isoko ryiyongera kandi ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, ikoreshwa ryibikoresho bya SiC muriki gice bizakomeza kwaguka.
4. Isesengura ryerekana isoko
4.1 Iterambere ryihuse ryamasoko ya GaN na SiC
Kugeza ubu, isoko ryikoranabuhanga ryingufu zirimo guhinduka, buhoro buhoro riva mubikoresho gakondo bya silicon bijya mubikoresho bya GaN na SiC. Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ku isoko ivuga ko isoko ry’ibikoresho bya GaN na SiC ryiyongera cyane kandi biteganijwe ko rizakomeza inzira yaryo yo kuzamuka mu myaka iri imbere. Iyi myumvire iterwa ahanini nimpamvu nyinshi:
. Ibikoresho bya SiC, kubera imikorere yabo isumba izindi mumashanyarazi menshi, byahindutse guhitamo kuriSisitemu y'amashanyarazi.
- ** Iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa **: Sisitemu yo kongera ingufu zamashanyarazi, nkizuba ryumuyaga n umuyaga, bisaba tekinoroji yo guhindura amashanyarazi neza. Ibikoresho bya SiC, hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse kandi bwizewe, bikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu.
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4.2 Kuki uhitamo GaN na SiC
Kwitabwaho cyane kuri GaN na SiC bituruka cyane cyane kubikorwa byabo byiza kuruta ibikoresho bya silicon mubisabwa byihariye.
. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mumodoka yamashanyarazi, ingufu zishobora kongerwa, hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikoresha cyane.
- ** Ingano Ntoya **: Kuberako ibikoresho bya GaN na SiC bishobora gukora kumurongo mwinshi, abashushanya amashanyarazi barashobora kugabanya ubunini bwibigize pasiporo, bityo bikagabanya ubunini bwa sisitemu yingufu. Ibi nibyingenzi mubisabwa bisaba miniaturizasi n'ibishushanyo mbonera, nk'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n'ibikoresho byo mu kirere.
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5. Umwanzuro
Mu ihindagurika ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, guhitamo ibikoresho bya semiconductor bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imikorere ya sisitemu n'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha. Mugihe silikoni ikiri yiganje kumasoko gakondo yingufu zikoreshwa, tekinoroji ya GaN na SiC ihinduka byihuse uburyo bwiza bwo gukora neza, ubwinshi-bwinshi, hamwe na sisitemu yingufu zizewe uko zikura.
GaN yinjira vuba mubaguziibikoresho bya elegitoronikin'inzego z'itumanaho bitewe n’umuvuduko mwinshi kandi biranga imikorere myiza, mu gihe SiC, hamwe n’inyungu zayo zidasanzwe mu gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, ihinduka ibintu by'ingenzi mu binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi na sisitemu y'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa. Mugihe ibiciro bigabanuka nikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, GaN na SiC biteganijwe ko bazasimbuza ibikoresho bya silicon muburyo bwagutse bwa porogaramu, gutwara ikoranabuhanga ryingufu mugice gishya cyiterambere.
Iyi mpinduramatwara iyobowe na GaN na SiC ntabwo izahindura uburyo sisitemu y’amashanyarazi yateguwe gusa ahubwo izagira ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda nyinshi, uhereye ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki by’abaguzi kugeza ku micungire y’ingufu, bikabasunikira kugera ku mikorere myiza ndetse n’icyerekezo cyangiza ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2024